When we talk about zoonosis we mean any type of disease that an animal can spread to a human being .There is also another type of reverse zoonosis.This is the anthropozoonosis , which is when a human being infects some disease to animals.
In this article we will strictly refer to zoonosis, since there are many diseases that can be transmitted to us by all animals: wild and domestic.
If you are interested in the subject, continue the reading of Animals and Pets Online and find out what Zoonosis is about with a complete definition and some examples:
Definition of zoonosis
Zoonoses are the diseases or infections that a vertebrate animal can naturally transmit to humans. Of the 1,415 known human pathogens, 61 % are of zoonotic origin.The pathogens can be: bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.The definition of the word zoonosis comes from two Greek words. Zoo , which means: animal ; and nosis , whose meaning is: sickness.
There are two types of zoonoses: direct and indirect.
Direct and indirect zoonoses
- The direct zoonosis is those diseases spread directly from animal to animal, or from animal to human being through air (influenza), or stings or saliva (rabies).
- The indirect zoonosis is one that can be transmitted through a so-called vector , which is usually an intermediate animal that carries the pathogen of the disease.
The main types of zoonosis
There are 5 types of zoonoses : Prionic, Viric, Bacterial, Fungal and Parasitic. Prionic zoonosis
It happens when due to an anomalous prion protein neurodegenerative processes are suffered in the animal or the human.The most famous example is the Bovine Spongiform Encelopathy (poor crazy cows).
Viricos zoonoses
The cause of the disease is a virus transmitted by the animal.The most important are:- Ebola
- Rabies
- Zika
- Avian influenza
- Hantavirus
- Yellow fever
- Fever Nile
Bacterial zoonosis
Diseases occur due to transmitted bacteria.Some of the most relevant are:- Bubonic plague
- Tuberculosis
- Brucellosis
- Carbunco
- Salmonellosis
- Tularemia Leptopirosis
- Q Fever
- Cat spider disease
Other types of zoonosis
Fungal zoonoses
They are caused by fungi and spores spread by carrier animals.The most important are:- Tina
- Histoplasmosis
- Cryptococcosis
Parasitic zoonosis
They are diseases caused by parasites that inhabit the interior of animals.Often contagion occurs at consume meats or fish that have not been cooked properly and are contaminated by these parasites.Some of the most important are:- Trichinosis
- Teniasis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Anisakis
- Amebosis
- Hydatidiosis
- Sapcoptic scabies
- Lesishmaniasis
- Echinococcosis
- Difilobotriasis
Hydatid cyst
The hydatidiosis produces the hydatid cyst .This cyst can adhere to any major organ: lungs, liver, etc.; and reach sizes far superior to an orange.This disease is complex, since for its complete development it requires two different subjects or guests.The first host is the one that carries the worm or had an adult, and whose eggs are they expand with the feces of the animal (usually it is a dog).These feces contaminate the plants that consume the herbivores, and the eggs of the tapeworm develop in the duodenum of the new host (often sheep).From there they pass into the bloodstream and adhere to some organ, where the larva creates the dangerous cyst, which can be deadly.
Humans often contract this disease by eating poorly washed lettuce, or any plant that grows flush with the ground and consume raw.
This article is merely informative, in ExpertAnimal.com no We have the power to prescribe veterinary treatments or make any type of diagnosis.We invite you to take your pet to the veterinarian in the event that it presents any type of condition or discomfort.
If you want to read more articles similar to Zoonosis-Definition and examples , I picked you up We urge you to enter our Other health problems section.
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